Published: October 2025

Keywords:
Maria Nichterlein, Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari, Psychoanalysis, Unconscious, Psychotherapy, Critique, Collaboration, Process, Exploration, Imagination, Language, Complexity, Closed Systems, Open Systems, Societal Influences.

Maria Nichterlein

Clinical Psychologist, Counselling Psychologist and Family Therapist, specialising in complex presentations, including complex trauma. Enjoys teaching and supervising.

m.nichterlein@bigpond.com

Abstract

The main points of the comments and questions raised by the audience, after her speech (video) at the Conference, were sent to Maria Nichterlein in a text. She wanted to respond in a ZOOM meeting with the Editorial Team, referring to this text. From this discussion, the video presented here was made.

The members of the Editorial Team of Metalogos participated in the discussion: - O. Alexiadou - A. Geitsidou - D. Mouzas - F. Triantafillou - M. S. Voulgari.

THERAPY AS AN EXPERIMENTAL PROCESS

The discussion starts with Maria Nichterlein responding to the question posed by Chloe Kolyri, (queer analyst, Athens). Maria Nichterlein frames therapy as an experimental process, echoing the thoughts of philosopher Gilles Deleuze. She suggests that therapy should not be confined to rigid methodologies but rather embraced as a dynamic interaction between the analyst and the analysand. This perspective aligns with Deleuze's view of life itself as an experiment, where the therapeutic relationship becomes a space for exploration and discovery. Nichterlein emphasises that the goal of therapy is to facilitate movement and growth for clients, allowing them to navigate their discomfort and find meaningful resolutions.

DELEUZE'S CRITIQUE OF PSYCHOANALYSIS

Nichterlein delves into Deleuze's critique of psychoanalysis, highlighting his concerns about the colonisation of the unconscious. While Deleuze acknowledges Freud's contributions to the understanding of the unconscious, he criticises the rigid definitions and limitations imposed by traditional psychoanalytic frameworks. Deleuze's assertion that there are multiple definitions of the unconscious reflects a broader understanding of human experience, one that is not easily categorised. Nichterlein notes that some contemporary psychoanalysts have begun to adopt a more flexible approach, recognising the unconscious as a complex and multifaceted entity.

COLLABORATION IN THERAPY

A significant aspect of Nichterlein's therapeutic approach is the emphasis on collaboration. She expresses a desire to engage with clients in a way that respects their unique experiences and perspectives. Rather than positioning herself as an authority, she adopts a stance of curiosity, seeking to understand the client's narrative and the forces that shape their experiences. This collaborative dynamic fosters a sense of safety and openness, allowing clients to explore their thoughts and feelings without fear of judgment. Nichterlein's approach aligns with Deleuze's idea of therapy as a process of becoming, where both the therapist and client are co-creators of meaning.

THE EVER-EXPANDING UNCONSCIOUS

Nichterlein introduces the concept of the unconscious as an ever-expanding universe, drawing on Deleuze's ideas. She suggests that the more one explores the unconscious, the more connections and insights emerge. This perspective challenges the notion of a fixed or static unconscious, instead presenting it as a dynamic and evolving entity shaped by relationships and experiences. Nichterlein's emphasis on the process of discovery resonates with her belief that therapy should focus on what emerges in the therapeutic space, rather than adhering to predetermined interpretations or conclusions.

OPEN SYSTEMS IN THERAPY

In her discussion, Nichterlein advocates for open systems in therapy, moving away from closed systems/contexts that limit understanding. She argues that individuals cannot be viewed in isolation from their social contexts, and that therapy should acknowledge the interplay between personal experiences and broader societal influences. This perspective aligns with her belief in the importance of recognising the complexity of human relationships and the diverse factors that shape individual experiences. By embracing open systems, therapists can better understand the nuances of their clients' lives and facilitate more meaningful therapeutic outcomes.

IMAGINATION AND LANGUAGE IN THERAPY

Nichterlein concludes by exploring the role of imagination and language in therapy. She emphasises the importance of using language as a tool for opening up new possibilities and perspectives. Rather than adhering to rigid definitions or interpretations, she encourages clients to think differently and explore alternative narratives. This approach aligns with her belief in the power of imagination to facilitate change and growth. By fostering a space where clients can engage with their thoughts and feelings in new ways, therapists can help them navigate their challenges and discover new paths forward.

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